GMAT Critical Reasoning Test 23

Most citizens are very conscientious about observing a law when they can see the reason behind it. For instance, there has been very little need to actively enforce the recently-implemented law that increased the penalty for motorists caught leaving a gas station without paying for gas they had pumped into their vehicles. This is because citizens are very conscientious of the high cost of gasoline and they know that stealing gas will only further increase the price of gasolinefor everyone. Which of the following statements would the author of this passage be most likely to believe?

The increased penalty alone is a significant motivation for most citizens to obey the law.
There are still too many inconsiderate citizens in the local community.
High gasoline prices can be brought down if everyone does his or her part and pays for the gasoline they use at the pumps.
Society should make an effort to teach citizens the reasons for its laws. People would be more likely to speed on a stretch of deserted highway than to not pay for gasoline.

Nearly one in three subscribers to Financial Forecaster is a millionaire, and over half are in top management. Shouldn't you subscribe to Financial Forecaster now?A reader who is neither a millionaire nor in top management would be most likely to act in accordance with the advertisement's suggestion if he or she drew which of the following questionable conclusions invited by the advertisement?

Among finance-related periodicals. Financial Forecaster provides the most detailed financial information.
Top managers cannot do their jobs properly without reading Financial Forecaster.
The advertisement is placed where those who will be likely to read it are millionaires.
The subscribers mentioned were helped to become millionaires or join top management by reading Financial Forecaster.
Only those who will in fact become millionaires, or at least top managers, will read the advertisement.

The opponents could effectively defend their position against the author's strategy by pointing out that

the expertise of those opposing the law is outstanding
the lack of justification for the new law does not imply that those who drew it up were either inept or immoral
the practical application of the new law will not entail indiscriminate budget cuts
economic troubles present at the time of the New Deal were equal in severity to those that have led to the present law
the fact that certain flawed programs or laws have improved the economy does not prove that every such program can do so

In Millington, a city of 50,000 people, Mercedes Pedrosa, a realtor, calculated that a family with Millington's median family income, $28,000 a year, could afford to buy Millington's median-priced $77,000 house. This calculation was based on an 11.2 percent mortgage interest rate and on the realtor's assumption that a family could only afford to pay up to 25 percent of its income for housing.Which of the following corrections of a figure appearing in the passage above, if it were the only correction that needed to be made, would yield a new calculation showing that even incomes below the median family income would enable families in Millington to afford Millington's median-priced house?

Millington's total population was 45,000 people.
Millington's median annual family income was $27,000
Millington's median-priced house cost $80,000
The rate at which people in Millington had to pay mortgage interest was only 10 percent.
Families in Millington could only afford to pay up to 22 percent of their annual income for housing

Psychological research indicates that college hockey and football players are more quickly moved to hostility and aggression than are college athletes in noncontact sports such as swimming. But the researchers' conclusion-that contact sports encourage and teach participants to be hostile and aggressive-is untenable. The football and hockey players were probably more hostile and aggressive to start with than the swimmers.Which of the following, if true, would most strengthen the conclusion drawn by the psychological researchers?

The football and hockey players became more hostile and aggressive during the season and remained so during the off-season, whereas there was no increase in aggressiveness among the swimmers.
The football and hockey players, but not the swimmers, were aware at the start of the experiment that they were being tested for aggressiveness.
The same psychological research indicated that the football and hockey players had a great respect for cooperation and team play, whereas the swimmers were most concerned with excelling as individual competitors.
The research studies were designed to include no college athletes who participated in both contact and noncontact sports.
Throughout the United States, more incidents of fan violence occur at baseball games than occur at hockey or football games.

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